[Video Introduction] Operating Principle of Thermocouples in Compliance with IEC and ASTM Standards
What is a thermocouple? What are the types of thermocouples? How high a temperature can a thermocouple be used? These questions are explained in an easy-to-understand manner.
▬ Content of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 00:00 Introduction 00:04 How does a thermocouple work? 00:55 Cold junction compensation 01:25 Voltage curve of thermocouples and pairing of materials 01:58 Types of thermocouples In general, in the industrial sector, either resistance temperature detectors or thermocouples are used for temperature measurement. The measurement principle of resistance temperature detectors is explained in the video below. Thermocouples use two different metals that are connected at the measurement point. Thermocouples with a solid weld of the two dissimilar metals have high vibration resistance, making them commonly used in the industry. When the temperature at the thermocouple measurement point rises or falls, the electron density of the two metals changes. This change in electron density generates a voltage at the output connection point. Thermocouples operate according to the principle of comparative measurement. In other words, the temperature at the measurement point is expressed as a thermoelectric voltage relative to the temperature at the output connection point. Since temperature measurement at the measurement point cannot be done with just the temperature difference, cold junction compensation is necessary. This ensures that the measurement results are not affected by the ambient temperature of the connection terminals.
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basic information
To generate a large thermoelectric voltage, pairs of metals with the most distant electronegativity are specified. Using combinations of base metals such as copper, chromium, nickel, and iron produces higher thermoelectric voltages (mV) than more expensive precious metals like platinum and rhodium. On the other hand, combinations of precious metals can be used at temperatures up to 1,700°C (with special specifications allowing for even higher temperatures). There are thermocouples suitable for various temperature ranges. Their accuracy is defined by the standards IEC60584-1 and ASTME230, and can be read from the tolerance tables. A detailed description of "the use of thermocouples" is available in the technical information IN00.23, which can be downloaded for free from our website. https://bit.ly/3it8WN6 You can use WIKA's product selection tool, available in various types, to choose the best thermocouple for your application. https://bit.ly/3qlCgJN Please also refer to the trade article on "criteria for selecting optimal electrical temperature measurement points." https://bit.ly/3ttzELI
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Applications/Examples of results
It has a proven track record of use mainly in general industrial applications across various industries such as petrochemicals, semiconductors, automotive, pharmaceuticals, food, and machinery equipment.
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"WIKA" is a global manufacturer of measurement instruments headquartered in Germany. For over 70 years, it has maintained a top-class market share in measurement instruments as a specialized manufacturer in the global market. It is the number one manufacturer in Europe for measurement instruments, including pressure gauges and thermometers, widely used in the manufacturing industry, such as plant equipment, and is among the top manufacturers in the world. Currently, it operates in over 40 countries worldwide and boasts a total workforce of 9,000 employees, making it a global company. The Japanese branch has seen a steady increase in performance and has a track record of transactions with major companies across a wide range of industries, including large heavy industry manufacturers. The brand power and product strength are so high that it is often said, "Measurement instruments are WIKA." With bases in over 40 countries, as Japanese companies become more active in expanding overseas, the demand has also increased, and the company's strength lies in its ability to handle everything, including follow-up after product installation. Because it offers a wide range of products not found in other competitors, it can provide comprehensive solutions to meet customer needs.