"Kaizaki" refers to the butt joint shape of the butt-welded parts, and its design and processing accuracy greatly influence the quality after welding.
"Bevel" (kaisaki), also known as "groove," refers to the gap created between two base materials when they are joined together, which is necessary to ensure that the welded joint has the same quality and strength as the base materials. At the same time, a design and machining precision that minimizes the occurrence of welding defects is required. For example, increasing the bevel angle results in a larger amount of welding material, which can lead to increased welding labor and affect the mechanical properties and shape distortion near the weld due to the heat input on the base material. Conversely, if the bevel angle is narrowed, it can lead to decreased workability, poor penetration, and the possibility of defects such as slag inclusions that cannot be detected from the surface, increasing the likelihood of welding defects. Therefore, the shape and processing of the bevel are crucial, and they are designed to achieve optimal shapes and dimensions considering factors such as the properties and pressure of the fluid, material, thickness, diameter, and welding environment.
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basic information
The basic shape of the groove is defined by JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) and is commonly expressed by comparing it to letters of the alphabet or katakana characters, depending on the shape of the joint surface (see Figure 1). Under various conditions, the precision management of the groove angle, roughness, root surface, and welding technique management for optimal groove shape design significantly affects the quality of the piping later on. Special attention is required in areas where fatigue strength and brittle fracture strength are concerns. *Brittle fracture refers to the phenomenon where a solid material, when subjected to force, fractures and spreads without undergoing significant deformation.
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Applications/Examples of results
It is used in a wide range of fields, from large commercial facilities such as office buildings and amusement parks to oil refining plants, large tankers, food and pharmaceutical plants, as well as essential utilities like water, gas, and power plants.
Detailed information
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Thick-walled welded pipe fittings Especially during butt welding of thick-walled components, the design of the groove shape significantly affects the quality of the piping after welding.
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The design of bevel shapes, taking into account various factors such as the thickness (T) of the material and its properties, becomes extremely complex.
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(Figure 1) The groove is classified based on the shape of the cross-section of the weld. It is generally compared to letters of the alphabet. I shape, V shape, L shape, K shape, J shape, X shape, U shape, double-sided J shape, H (double-sided U) shape, etc.
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This is a detailed example of the most common V-shaped notch.
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SU joint When butt welding components with a thickness of less than 4 mm, such as SU pipe joints, an I-shaped groove with no angle and a plain end shape is used. Normally, filler material (filler metal) is used, but in this case, welding is performed without filler (without filler material), relying solely on melting the base material with the electrode.
Company information
From residential water supply and hot water piping to massive pipelines in large-scale plants, piping that supports our daily lives is spread throughout the world. Benkankikoh Co., Ltd. is involved in the manufacturing of welded pipe fittings, which are essential components of this piping. We provide optimal products tailored to the piping environment (design and usage conditions, etc.) and construction situations, not only for general building water supply and hot water piping but also for power plants, gas plants, refineries, oil and chemical plants, shipbuilding, and more, where strict quality standards are required.