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As it is said, "Whales are creatures at the top of the food chain," their ecological status and role as higher animals in the marine ecosystem are significant. The lower organisms that serve as food for whales show considerable annual variability, and the composition of whale diets responds sensitively to these changes. Additionally, due to the characteristic of higher animals to accumulate pollutants, whales are particularly susceptible to the effects of heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium. Studying whales not only helps to elucidate their ecology but also provides clues to understand changes in marine ecosystems and the realities of marine pollution associated with climate change.

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In the Ogasawara Islands, green sea turtles are cherished as a source of meat. The capture of green sea turtles has been carried out in earnest since the late 1800s, when Japanese immigration began, and currently, about 100 turtles are captured annually, mainly around the Mukojima Islands, under the authorization of the Tokyo Metropolitan Fisheries Adjustment Regulations. Efforts to increase the population of green sea turtles have been underway since early on (1910), but these efforts have not succeeded in restoring their numbers, which had significantly decreased at one point.

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In this area, the critically endangered leatherback sea turtles lay about 1,000 to 2,000 nests each year. It is the largest nesting site in the Pacific region and the third largest in the world, but the decline in the number of nests continues unabated.

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Activities on Sega Ma Busar Island began in December 1997 with a contract for lighthouse staff and monitors. From August 1998, the island was leased, and after renewing the contract in 2003, usage rights were obtained until July 2012. Monitoring surveys of nesting sites are conducted, and at the same time, the purchase and monitoring of eggs are carried out, with the laid eggs hatching naturally without being collected.

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