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This document introduces case studies of the "lightweight embankment method" using lightweight fill materials that achieve "lightweight construction and reduced soil pressure" for rooftops, basements, and exterior structures. It addresses issues related to "load restrictions" in rooftop, basement, and exterior planning, as well as examples such as infill cases in underground spaces, measures against foundation settlement, and soft ground measures for building exteriors. Detailed explanations are provided with images, making it easy to reference when considering implementation. Please feel free to download and take a look. 【Contents (partial)】 ■ Issues of "load restrictions" in rooftop, basement, and exterior planning ■ What is the lightweight embankment method? ■ Applications of the lightweight embankment method in architecture and landscaping ■ [Case Study] Infill examples in underground spaces ■ [Case Study] Greenery and planting on rooftops with weight restrictions, and raising space *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Lightweight embankment material
• Civil Engineering Method

The "NSS Block" is a large block retaining wall that integrates blocks with reinforced concrete (in accordance with road earthworks guidelines). Instead of the conventional concrete used in the core section, crushed stone is utilized. By adopting a reinforced structure in accordance with the road earthworks guidelines, it is possible to reduce the volume of concrete and costs compared to traditional gravity retaining walls. 【Features】 ■ Economical structure ■ High reliability ■ Improved work efficiency ■ Reduced excavation volume ■ Excellent sectional strength *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Various blocks

The "High-S Method" is a new construction technique that combines support piles with reinforced soil. By using high-rigidity steel pipe piles instead of conventional rebar, the cross-sectional performance is significantly improved. The reinforced soil is enhanced by using high-strength reinforcement materials instead of traditional rebar, increasing the strength of the reinforcement. By combining support piles and reinforced soil and optimizing the spacing of the piles, it becomes possible to significantly shorten the construction period. 【Features】 ■ Newly developed small-diameter steel pipe piles ■ Newly developed high-strength reinforcement materials ■ Minimum number of piles required *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Earth retaining wall/foundation reinforcement

The "Super Dagu Shim Method" is a construction method that reinforces the ground by performing the four processes of drilling, core material insertion, mortar injection, and casing removal, which are required in conventional ground reinforcement soil methods, all in one step through a simultaneous drilling and injection method. By injecting grout simultaneously with drilling, it enables the reliable construction of reinforcement materials. This prevents the collapse of hole walls and improves both economic efficiency and workability. It is used for reinforcing road slopes, preventing surface collapses, and for soil retention. 【Features】 ■ Simultaneous drilling and injection system ■ EP effect ■ High-strength reinforcement core material *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Earth retaining wall/foundation reinforcement

This document is a collection of case studies on analysis work conducted by Hirose Reinforced Soil Co., Ltd. It includes a variety of topics such as the seismic performance verification of high embankments using the detailed Newmark method, level 2 seismic motion verification of high embankments through two-dimensional dynamic FEM effective stress analysis, and proximity impact analysis due to bridge pier foundation work using two-dimensional static FEM elasto-plastic (non-linear) analysis. We also introduce terminology explanations, the process after inquiries, and the analysis software we possess. Please take a look. 【Contents (partial)】 ■ Seismic performance verification of high embankments ■ Level 2 seismic motion verification of high embankments ■ Proximity impact analysis due to bridge pier foundation work ■ Impact analysis of lightweight embankments near railways ■ Displacement prediction during arch culvert and reinforced soil wall construction ■ Stress and deformation analysis of existing water diversion tunnels *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Site and ground investigation

The "EP Route Pile Method" is a ground reinforcement construction method that has been widely adopted since it was used in Japan in 1980 as a protective measure for an observation deck near a shield tunnel. The cement milk used as the injection material hardens and expands, enhancing not only the core material but also the friction with the soil, promoting integration with the ground. The mesh arrangement effect of the piles suppresses soil deformation and soil flow between the piles, achieving integration between the piles and the ground. 【Features】 ■ Enables downsizing of structures ■ Ensures traffic on existing roads during construction ■ Guarantees overall stability of the structure ■ Allows reinforcement while preserving existing structures ■ Can be implemented even in sloped areas or challenging ground conditions ■ Can be executed in narrow spaces *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Reinforced earth wall

We would like to introduce our proposed riverbank protection tail arm method, "Aqua Tail 35." It ensures the durability of the wall panel against flowing water. It conforms to the structural model "stacking model" equivalent to large blocks in the "Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism River Erosion Control Technical Standards" and "Mechanical Design Method for Riverbanks." By using crushed stone as fill material below the river water level, it responds to rapid changes in water levels. 【Features】 ■ Ensures the durability of the wall panel ■ Adaptable to areas prone to salt damage ■ Achieves significant cost reduction and shortened construction time ■ Confirms safety during flooding ■ High stability during construction *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• River construction

The case study presents various examples focusing on densely populated residential areas and narrow sites. ■ Large-scale embankment construction sliding collapse prevention work ■ Retaining wall reinforcement work in residential areas with many constraints ■ Measures for steep slopes near private homes 【Table of Contents】 ■ 01 Challenges in densely populated residential areas and narrow sites ■ 02 Case 1 Large-scale embankment construction sliding collapse prevention work ■ 03 Case 2 Retaining wall reinforcement in narrow areas of residential neighborhoods ■ 04 Case 3 Measures for steep slopes in residential areas *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Reinforced earth wall

We would like to introduce a white paper themed "Improvement of Access Roads for Renewable Energy-Related Construction," which summarizes the challenges commonly faced at civil engineering sites and their solutions. Do you have any of these concerns? ■ Difficulty in transporting large equipment in mountainous areas ■ Struggling with structural solutions for steep slopes and curves ■ Increased construction costs due to the need for additional temporary structures ■ Wanting to repurpose temporary roads for use as managed roads 【Table of Contents】 ■01 Increasing Demand for Renewable Energy Construction and Proposals for Problem Solving ■02 Proposals for Material Access Roads, Construction Roads, and Temporary (Permanent) Yards ・(1) Embankment Method ・(2) Cut Method ・(3) Temporary Structures *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Other civil engineering works

As a solution to the worsening "shortage of skilled workers" in the construction industry (particularly the aging of veteran craftsmen and the difficulties in passing on skills due to retirement), we propose products to alleviate the shortage of workers on earthwork sites. 【Table of Contents】 ■01 The issue of labor shortages facing the construction industry ■02 Introduction of precast products useful on site ・(1) Block retaining wall construction Challenge: Lack of skilled workers, narrow access roads, inability to take curing periods Solution: Terracell retaining wall method ・(2) Cage frame construction Challenge: Difficulty in obtaining crushed stone, shortage of stonemasons and skilled workers, challenging infill work Solution: Crushed stone cage ・(3) Mortar spraying work Challenge: Lack of skilled workers, inability to secure a branyard, cannot perform bulk construction Solution: Concrete canvas ・(4) Concrete formwork construction Challenge: Lack of skilled workers, time-consuming demolding work Solution: Pat wall *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Special Construction Method

As a method for evaluating the surrounding impacts of "proximity construction," it has become common to conduct impact verification through "analysis." However, in the current situation of labor shortages, we often hear concerns regarding typical analysis tasks, such as: - The people in the company who can perform analyses are at full capacity. - We do not have analysis software that matches the contracted content. - There is a lack of experience in analysis. - We would like to find external contractors who can handle analysis. At our company, we provide proposals that include various analyses along with countermeasures. We have compiled examples of problem-solving cases that may arise from analyses in proximity construction. We hope you find this helpful. 【Table of Contents】 - 01 Background of the increase in proximity construction - 02 Introduction of FEM analysis cases evaluating impacts during construction - Examination of the impact on existing bridge piers due to temporary earth retention and excavation work - Examination of the impact on existing railway tunnels due to newly constructed cast-in-place piles - Examination of the impact of lightweight embankments close to railways *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Other earthworks, foundation works, and exterior floors

Are you facing any of the following issues? ■ Unable to improve the ground due to gravel and boulders ■ Ground improvement at a site where machinery access is difficult ■ Discovery of different ground layers than those identified in the ground survey ■ Unable to improve due to the depth of rock layers, slope of the ground, soil type, etc. 【Table of Contents】 ■ Case 1: Revealed by boring survey results ■ Case 2: Occurred during the delivery of construction machinery ■ Case 3: Discovery of different ground layers than those identified in geological surveys ■ Case 4: Reinforced earth wall does not meet the expected good ground conditions during design ■ Case 5: Site is too narrow for improvement ■ Case 6: Ground is found to be harder than expected ■ Case 7: Temporary road requires avoiding buried objects *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Ground improvement
• Reinforced earth wall

The case study collection introduces various examples. ■ How to address subgrade measures (soft ground, sliding measures, high embankments) ■ Construction challenges (ancillary work, proximity to obstacles, temporary structures) ■ What kind of structures should be built near water bodies, such as revetments (super levees, salt damage measures) ■ Can it be used in land development (consideration for landscape and residential construction regulations) 【Table of Contents (Partial)】 "Tail Arm Method Case Study Collection" 01 Land Development 02 Landscape Design 03 Greening 04 Subgrade Measures and Arc Sliding Measures 05 High Walls and Multi-layered Stacking *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Reinforced earth wall

Do you have any of the following concerns? ■ I want to know the features and application examples of the ground reinforcement soil method concisely. ■ I want to explain the method overview to a newcomer, but I don't have the materials or time for training. We have created materials that can solve these concerns. The materials are available for free, so please feel free to share and use them within your company. 【Table of Contents】 "Introduction to Ground Reinforcement Soil Method" 1: What is the Ground Reinforcement Soil Method? 2: Overview of the EP Route Pile Method 3: Applications of the Ground Reinforcement Soil Method 4: Case Studies *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Reinforced earth wall

Do you have any of the following concerns? ■ I want to know the features and application examples of the reinforced soil wall method concisely. ■ I want to explain the method overview to a newcomer, but I don't have the materials or time for training. We have created materials that can solve these concerns. The materials are available for free, so please feel free to share and use them within your company. 【Table of Contents】 "Introduction to Reinforced Soil Wall Method" 1: What is Reinforced Soil? 2: Scope of Application and Features of Reinforced Soil Walls 3: Types and Design of Reinforced Soil Walls 4: Case Studies of Reinforced Soil Walls *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Reinforced earth wall

The EPS method effectively utilizes features such as lightweight, pressure resistance, water resistance, and self-supporting capability when stacked, and is used in various situations. Please make use of this during your method consideration. 【Table of Contents】 "EPS Method Case Studies" ■ Temporary Structures ■ Land Development ■ Filling Between Structures ■ Roads ■ Bridges ■ Riverbanks *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Special Construction Method

There are various types of lightweight embankment construction methods, but we often receive feedback that it is difficult to determine how to differentiate between them. In response to such expectations, we will introduce the various distinctions and comparisons of lightweight embankments. 【Table of Contents】 "Introduction to a Wide Range of Lightweight Embankments" ■ Weak Ground in Japan ■ Limited Land Available for Living in Japan ■ Concerns When Considering Recent Measures for Weak Ground ■ What is Lightweight Embankment Construction? ■ Main Uses of Lightweight Embankments ■ Types of Representative Lightweight Embankment Materials ■ Introduction to Various Construction Methods ■ Comparison Table of Lightweight Embankment Construction Methods *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Lightweight embankment material
• Special Construction Method

Do you have any of the following concerns? ■ I want to know the features and application examples of lightweight embankment construction methods concisely. ■ I want to explain the overview of the construction method to a newcomer, but I don't have the materials or time for training. We have created materials that can solve these concerns. The materials are available for free, so please feel free to share and use them within your company. 【Table of Contents】 "Introduction to Lightweight Embankment Construction Methods" 1: Conditions of Japan's Land 2: What is Lightweight Embankment Construction? 3: Overview of EPS Method 4: Applications of Lightweight Embankment Construction (EPS Method) *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Lightweight embankment material
• Special Construction Method

"TerraArm" is a reinforced soil wall construction method that has been officially certified for partial repair methods of wall materials in the "Reinforced Soil Wall Design and Construction Manual" published by the Civil Engineering Research Center. Traditionally, core sampling was essential for evaluating the integrity of reinforced soil, making the pull-out testing process cumbersome. However, with KD panels and TerraArm FS, simplified inspections are now possible. This allows for early detection of deterioration within the TerraArm and enables understanding of the internal conditions of the wall. It has demonstrated high seismic resistance even in areas affected by strong earthquakes such as the Tohoku Pacific Offshore Earthquake, the Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake, and the Southern Hyogo Earthquake. [Features] ■ Easy removal of wall materials and reinforcements ■ Possible repair work in small spaces ■ Ability to confirm integrity after use ■ Easier maintenance management *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Renovation and repair methods
• Reinforced earth wall
• Reinforcement and repair materials

The "EPS method" involves stacking large blocks of expanded polystyrene as fill material, effectively utilizing the characteristics of the material such as lightweight, compressive strength, water resistance, and self-supporting properties when stacked. It can be applied in areas where there is a need to reduce load and soil pressure, such as fill on soft ground, fill on steep slopes, backfilling for structures, vertical walls, and widening of embankments. The overall construction period can be shortened as ground treatment and temporary works are simplified. Additionally, it offers numerous benefits, including a reduction in overall construction costs, including maintenance after completion. 【Features】 ■ Ultra-lightweight and wide applicability - Unit volume weight is 0.12 to 0.35 kN/m3 - When applied as fill on soft ground, it can significantly reduce load and solve issues such as settlement and insufficient bearing capacity of the soft ground. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Road construction

The "M1 Wall" is a large block made of panel assembly that can be planned with minimal embedment by adjusting the height of the bottom panel to match the longitudinal slope. There is no need for site-cast adjustment concrete for curves and bends. Due to the lightweight components, large heavy machinery is not required. Additionally, by utilizing vertical reinforcing bars, handrails can be installed in advance. 【Features】 ■ Economical planning suitable for the site ■ Free selection of retaining wall counter lengths and wall surface slopes ■ High adaptability for disaster recovery ■ Quick response possible as there are no custom products ■ Easy and safe construction ■ Applicable for road and river restoration *For more details, please refer to the PDF materials or feel free to contact us.

• Aggregates and crushed stone
• Dam construction
• Retaining wall

The Tail Arm Method is a construction technique that allows for the vertical and high construction of embankments. By laying ribbed strips (strip-shaped steel reinforcement) within the embankment and covering the surface with concrete skin (modular wall panels), it enables the creation of vertical and high retaining walls. (⇒ For more details, please download and view the catalog.)

• Reinforcement and repair materials

The NSS block is a large block retaining wall made of reinforced concrete that is integrated between blocks (in accordance with road earthworks guidelines). Instead of the conventional concrete used in the core section, crushed stone will be used. By adopting a reinforced structure in accordance with the road earthworks guidelines, the NSS block allows for a reduction in concrete volume and cost compared to traditional gravity retaining walls.

• Aggregates and crushed stone
• Dam construction
• Retaining wall

The high-strength micropile method involves leaving a high-strength steel pipe, called casing, in the ground as a pile after drilling a hole into the ground. This method is used to support the foundations of bridges and buildings, as well as to reinforce natural slopes and prevent landslides or ground collapses.

• Earthworks
• Piles, caissons, sheet piles
• Pile and foundation work

The Super Dugshim method, like the EP route pile method, is a reinforcement technique designed to prevent natural slopes and ground from collapsing. In the route pile method, a hole is first drilled into the ground using a steel pipe, and then filled with a rebar core and mortar; however, in the Dugshim method, all of these tasks can be performed simultaneously.

• Earthworks
• Piles, caissons, sheet piles
• Pile and foundation work

The EP root pile method is a reinforcement technique developed in Italy to prevent natural slopes and ground from collapsing. "Root pile" refers to tree roots, and it involves inserting numerous mortar piles, approximately 10 cm in diameter and reinforced with rebar, into the ground like tree roots to integrate the soil.

• Earthworks
• Pile and foundation work

The Texpan method is a two-part precast arch culvert construction technique developed in France. By alternately combining reinforced concrete arch components, it creates a space that can be used as an alternative to culverts and bridges by placing fill on top. Since it involves the assembly of precast components, the construction is simple and quick. Additionally, due to the two-part arch structure and unique connection method, it can be applied to culverts with high earth cover and large internal spaces, even with thin concrete components.

• Dam construction
• Airport facilities
• Special Construction Method

The greening tail arm method, as its name suggests, is designed to allow for the greening of the surface of tail arm embankments. The basic principle of the method is the same as that of the tail arm method, but instead of using heavy concrete skins, it employs mesh panels and vegetation mats, making it even easier to construct. The greened embankment surface harmonizes with the surrounding environment in suburban and mountainous areas.

• Reinforcement and repair materials
• Earthworks

The Tail Arm Method, which has accumulated a wealth of experience over 25 years in a wide range of applications, demonstrates numerous excellent advantages as a Tail Arm retaining wall in land development.

• Retaining wall

The Super Tail Arm Method is a next-generation tail arm construction method developed to reduce construction costs, improve workability, and enhance aesthetics in urban areas.

• Earthworks
• Pile and foundation work

The TerraArmée method, invented in France 40 years ago, is a technique that allows for the vertical and high construction of embankments. By laying ribbed strips (band-shaped steel reinforcement) within the embankment and covering the surface with concrete skin (modular wall panels), it enables the creation of vertical and high retaining walls. This method is referred to as reinforced earth because it reinforces the soil with strips, and its principles have become the foundation for many existing techniques. Backed by years of know-how and reliability, the TerraArmée method is the most proven technique both globally and in Japan.

• Retaining wall

Hirose's long-cultivated know-how regarding soil has contributed significantly to the safety, economic efficiency, and aesthetic quality of civil engineering structures, from urban civil works to large-scale projects in suburban areas, enhancing social infrastructure. We will continue to propose suitable construction methods while considering harmony with the natural terrain, geology, and surrounding environment.

• Earthworks
• Pile and foundation work